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Navigating Social Connections in the Age of Remote Work: In Conversation with Dr. Tatiana Andreeva

Mariia Kashirina

The COVID-19 pandemic has irreversibly transformed the way we work. What was once considered a rare privilege has rapidly become the norm—more than 80% of organisations worldwide have now adopted remote or hybrid working models according to Deloitte UK.

This shift has brought undeniable advantages: convenience, flexible schedules, the elimination of daily commutes, and improved work-life balance. For many, productivity has increased — and with it, personal satisfaction. Yet while the benefits of remote work are widely acknowledged, its emotional and social consequences — particularly for young professionals — are often overlooked.

The New Work Landscape

Emerging data reveals a more complex picture. Despite enjoying greater autonomy, over one in three young professionals reported struggles with mental health issues such as anxiety and depression. Feelings of isolation, weakened social connections, and reduced access to informal support networks have become prominent concerns in this new remote reality. With limited in-person interactions, many miss out on everyday social interactions, peer learning, and emotional reassurance — elements that are especially vital in the early stages of any career.

To better understand the scope of this challenge, researchers at Trinity Business School conducted surveys and interviews with young professionals — aged 18 to 35 —  as part of the Grand Challenges module. The findings uncovered a disconnect that goes beyond physical distance:

  • 83% of respondents stated they feel more productive in in-person environments, highlighting the limitations of remote work in fostering spontaneous problem-solving and informal team bonding.
  • 41% admitted they rarely engage with co-workers remotely, further deepening the sense of disconnection.
  • 55% reported missing the stress relief and non-verbal cues typically observed through face-to-face peer support, making emotional expression and interpretation more difficult in virtual settings.

These findings are particularly relevant in Ireland, where more than 260,000 students were enrolled in higher education during the 2023/2024 academic year. As these students transition into the workforce, understanding the intersection of remote work and mental health is becoming increasingly urgent.

Preserving Connection & Wellbeing in the New Workplace

As this generation enters a professional landscape shaped by virtual workspaces, one critical question arises: how can we ensure that social connection — and, by extension, mental wellbeing — is not left behind?

To explore this further, I spoke with Dr. Tatiana Andreeva, Associate Professor at Maynooth University and a researcher in hybrid work and knowledge management. She offered crucial insights into the emotional challenges facing young professionals in remote-first environments — and, more importantly, what individuals and organisations alike can do to address them.

According to Dr. Andreeva, while the downsides of remote work are becoming more widely recognised, the real challenge lies in how we define them. One of the key obstacles, she argues, is the overuse of the word “isolation” without truly understanding its meaning.

“People often say they feel isolated, but we rarely ask — from what or from whom?” Dr. Andreeva explains. “Is it isolation from colleagues, from leadership, from tools, or from organisational culture?” This distinction, she notes, is essential. Only by identifying the specific type of distance remote workers experience can organisations and individuals respond effectively.

Dr. Andreeva points out that while remote work may reduce in-office contact, it often increases time spent with family or friends, due to more flexible schedules. However, this trade-off does not always benefit young professionals. For those just starting out — often living alone in new cities and beginning their careers from scratch — remote work can result in disconnection on all fronts. “Young professionals, particularly those who’ve recently graduated or relocated, might not yet have a strong social or professional network,” she says. “If they also feel powerless to initiate workplace interactions because they’re junior, the risk of disconnection is even higher.”

This is where organisational design plays a crucial role. Dr. Andreeva’s ongoing research into hybrid line management has shown that junior employees often face invisible barriers to learning and mentorship — simply because their senior colleagues are less present in the office. Even when companies introduce mandatory in-person days, a lack of coordination can undermine their effort. “You might come in Monday-Tuesday while your teammate comes in Wednesday-Thursday. You never cross paths. That’s not collaboration — it’s parallel isolation.”

More concerning still, inconsistent visibility can affect career progression. Dr. Andreeva recalls an interview with a manager who admitted — despite best intentions—to favouring employees he happened to see more frequently in person. “Some organisations try to address this by introducing anchor days where everyone comes in on the same day,” she says. “But in practice, only 30-40% actually follow through.” 

Done right, however, hybrid work does not have to limit social connection — it can redefine it. Dr. Andreeva highlights creative initiatives introduced by some companies: daily meetings with time set aside for casual conversation, or random virtual “blind lunch” pairings between employees who might not otherwise interact. “It sounds simple,” she says, “but in some cases, these virtual interactions are more inclusive than in-person ones — particularly for those who are shy or new.”

That inclusivity is one reason why remote work, despite its challenges, should not be dismissed. “We have to stop assuming that going back to the office is the only solution,” Dr. Andreeva. “It might work for some, but alienate others. The goal isn’t to force people back into buildings — it’s to design systems that foster connection, wherever people are.” 

This proactive design must also extend to mentorship. Rather than relying on a single mentor, Dr. Andreeva encourages young professionals to seek distributed support—reaching out to multiple individuals for different forms of guidance. “And your mentor doesn’t always have to be a senior executive,” she adds. “Peers or slightly more experienced colleagues are often more approachable and provide more relevant advice.”

Advice for Young Professionals

That said, Dr. Andreeva acknowledges how intimidating it can be for young professionals to initiate contact — especially in virtual settings. “Many hesitate because they feel they’re bothering someone,” she says. “But if your message is clear and specific — asking for advice on something the other person is experienced in — it’s much easier for them to say yes.”

For young professionals working remotely, Dr. Andreeva’s advice is clear: be proactive. Do not wait for connection to happen—create it. Propose virtual coffee chats. Volunteer to organise informal online sessions. Even small efforts can enhance visibility and foster genuine relationships. “There’s a concept called job crafting,” she explains, “where employees shape their roles around their interests. It might start with hosting a weekly catch-up, but it could evolve into a leadership opportunity.” 

However, the responsibility cannot fall solely on individuals. Organisations must take an active role in designing remote and hybrid environments that encourage connection, learning, and equity. This means aligning anchor days to suit team dynamics, building structured networking opportunities, and equipping line managers to support junior staff — wherever they’re based.

Finally, Dr. Andreeva offers a note of caution regarding how remote work is perceived—particularly when it comes to inclusion. “There’s still a stigma, especially for women who choose remote work for caregiving reasons,” she says. “Even after COVID, remote workers are often judged more harshly. Unless we confront that bias now, it could shape the future of remote work in damaging ways.” 

As hybrid work becomes the standard, the challenge — and the opportunity — lies in being deliberate. Connection no longer happens by accident in the hallway or break room. It must be cultivated —through intentional design, proactive effort, and a shared commitment to inclusion and belonging.

Coffee Chat with Jane Brazil, Deals Advisory Associate at PwC 

Kate Lynch 

As part of the Graduate Coffee Chats series in collaboration with Foresight Business Group, Foresight Vice President Kate Lynch spoke to Jane Brazil, Deals Advisory Associate at PwC and former TBR Editor-in-Chief to get insights into her life as a graduate. 

PwC Deals Advisory Associate Role 

Jane, a Trinity Law and Business graduate of the class 2023, is currently working as a Deals Advisory Associate at PwC. In PwC, they have a specific deals programme known as “The Edge Programme”, which lasts 3 and a half years and occurs in Irish offices, across EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa) and Asia Pacific. In this programme employees get the opportunity to rotate across different business units, which Jane described as “very useful, because you get an insight into different stages of the deal lifecycle”. Jane described it as a global programme, as you get the opportunity to visit Madrid at the start of the 3 years and meet other graduates from many offices across EMEA. 

Jane is currently in her second year of the programme and has done rotations in the Transaction services (TS) and then Capital Projects & Infrastructure (CP&I) department. Her home department is M&A (Mergers & Acquisitions) within corporate finance, being situated in this department day-to-day. Jane emphasises that “no two days are the same, one day I could be doing financial modeling, then the next day I could be doing market outreach…it’s so diverse”.

Career Progression 

Jane is currently starting her career as an associate, with career progression then leading to senior associate, manager, senior manager and eventually director or partner. This direct trajectory allows for continuous professional development with a clear vision of what’s next. 

Interview Process at PwC 

Jane came into this role from a summer internship position, so she didn’t go through the interview process for the graduate programme. However, she did experience the process for the internship position, which began with the usual online application involving a CV and academic background. If shortlisted, you’re then invited to participate in an online psychometric assessment and a group interview. If you’re successful after that stage, you’re brought for a private interview with a senior member of the team. Jane described it as a multi-stage process, but pretty similar to many other companies’ interview processes. 

Skills gained from Internships: Are they Still Relevant? 

Jane previously did an internship with KPMG in audit and “found it really beneficial in terms of your general knowledge about the different business functions”. She was able to transfer this knowledge to PwC and it helps her with the “day-to-day work in deals”. She emphasises the importance of “getting exposure to what different roles do, especially in the corporate world as it is all interlinked”. In certain transactions, Jane “would be working with lawyers and tax specialists” so it’s good to have a general understanding. 

In terms of soft skills, Jane says the internships are great for “pushing you out of your comfort zone..during the eight weeks and meeting loads of people”. During the Summer in PwC a lot of the associates go on study leave. These associates are replaced with the summer interns which puts the interns on actual live projects, giving them the opportunity to gain an abundance of hands-on experience, which Jane found so invaluable and an excellent opportunity experience all round. It’s also a great way to become more aware of what the graduate programme is like as it’s a very similar environment to the internship. 

Work Culture 

Jane describes the work culture in PwC as “very dynamic, very collaborative and very supportive, especially in deals, because we’re quite a small team”. Jane, as an associate, works directly with partners and directors where they will ask for her opinions and thoughts on projects, which is “daunting at the start, but they genuinely do want to hear your thoughts and ideas”. Jane expresses that it’s great to work so closely with the partners and directors because “they have so much experience and you learn from that”. Since the team is small, you become so close with everyone and it makes it a lot easier when working on different projects.

Insights into a Current Project 

Although Jane couldn’t give us too many details on a project, she did talk about how she has worked across a lot of different industries over the past 18 months. From “industrial and real estate to consumer goods, you get the opportunity to work in all different sectors”. This structure is very specific to PwC Ireland, getting the ability to work on projects from multiple different industries. In the likes of the UK, you tend to specialise early on, for example specialising in only real estate. Whereas in Ireland you can “bounce between all different industries, which is great. You learn so much”. 

Advice for Students 

When posed with this question, Jane immediately spoke about the importance of reaching out and making the most of your college alumni network. You’ll come across loads of alumni who work in the company you’re interested in, and the best way to get insight into what it’s like (aside from actually doing an internship) is to “just reach out to them and ask them, go for a coffee with them… that’s the best approach” 

Jane also recommended making the most out of all the college talks set up by societies. For example, the SMF: “they bring in amazing speakers…even the most random ones…just go and hear what they have to say…because you will probably hear things you never thought about before or programmes you never knew existed”. Attending these talks and events can help you be more up to date with current affairs as that’s something they really value in the interview process. 

Jane also emphasises the importance of getting involved in more societies and “quality over quantity”. Jane believes that when it comes to societies, “just get involved in one or two, because you can learn a lot of the soft skills that you need in the professional world” such as communication, leadership and time-management. And of course, “it does look really impressive on your CV!”. It shows that you’re not just about the academics, that you can also get on with people and work effectively in teams.

Coffee Chat with Emma McLoughlin, Private Equity Analyst at HSBC Asset Management 

Kate Lynch 

As part of the Graduate Coffee Chats series in collaboration with Foresight Business Group, Foresight Vice President Kate Lynch spoke to Emma McLoughlin, Private Equity Analyst at HSBC Asset Management to get insight into her life as a graduate at HSBC. 

HSBC Private Equity Analyst Role 

As a Private Equity Analyst in HSBC’s London office, Emma works within the Asset Management team. Her team specialises in fund investment, focusing on multinational private equity funds like KKR and  Blackstone. Emma’s day-to-day responsibilities involve analysing fund managers, their historical track record and the companies they previously invested in. Alongside fund investments, her team also focuses on participating in direct investments in partnership with other privacy equity firms.

Emma reinforces the value of hard skills, such as Excel, which she didn’t initially recognize as crucial until her role at HSBC. She also highlighted the importance of developing problem-solving skills. “You would be surprised how many day-to-day things come up”, she commented. Her course, MSISS, was “very good for teaching us overall problem solving skills which [she] found very useful in [her] day-to-day role”. Although Emma is on the investment team where she isn’t required to interact with clients daily, she still emphasised the importance of being a people person to build rapport and create a nurturing work environment. Despite her position as analyst, Emma notes that there are projects that mandate strong ownership, where the ability to lead is vital when engaging with directors and senior managers. Although originally under the impression that leadership skills wouldn’t be relevant till much later in her career, she attested that this is not the case and rather needed from the get-go. Emma concluded that you are not expected to have all the necessary skills on day one and “as long as you’re willing to learn, you will build up your hard and soft skills over-time”. 

Although Emma couldn’t share specific information on her favourite project that she’s worked on, she did mention that they recently looked at a venture capitalist fund. This involves investing in small start-up companies that have substantial growth potential; “for example Snapchat was a company that venture capitalists invested in when it was very small”, she detailed. Emma expressed her enthusiasm for this project, as it is different from other funds that she would typically be working with. She also mentioned how interesting it was when they directly  invest in companies, as it requires research and understanding of the market that they’re investing in. For example, one of the companies that Emma’s team looked at was a bakery chain in the US. It was “really cool”, she commented, as they had to think about how the industry of baked goods has been evolving recently with fitness trends.

The problem-solving element of Emma’s job is her favourite part. Some tasks might seem impossible at first glance, but thinking about and working through them is a very satisfying process for her. Managing time and day-to-day deadlines was also a new challenge for Emma, as it was vastly different from her days in college. However, she still enjoyed the challenge, as it encouraged her to work on these time management skills.

Career Progression 

If you were to stay in this role, the stages of progression are quite straightforward. It begins as an analyst (Emma’s current role), and then progresses to Associate and then to Vice President. Once you become a Vice President it is difficult to pivot into a different area. As an analyst, Emma explains that she’s currently in indirect investment but as she is so early on in her career she could probably pivot to direct investments if she wanted to move to the likes of KKR or Blackstone. Another option would be to stay in her current field and work her way up to becoming a senior, a role that focuses more on client facing deal sourcing.

Interview Process at HSBC 

Before graduating, Emma did a summer internship with HSBC. She expressed how the interview process with HSBC is quite different to the traditional process found at other banks. There is no cover letter or mathematical assessment involved, but instead a “workplace simulation”, a 30-40 minute scenario-based assessment where you have to rank your preference of how you would react in given situations. The second round interview was a similar simulation, however it was more specific to asset management. The final round involved four in-person interviews with 4 different people within Asset Management, two behavioural and two technical interviews. They expressed to Emma that they knew she didn’t know everything but that’s what they’re there to do, to teach her what’s needed for this role. Beyond simple technical skills, the team assessed her interest and passion for the position. 

After scoring a spot in the graduate programme, there were three criteria needed to succeed in to get offered a full-time position: first, on-desk performance; second, a project she had to complete and present; third, a final interview on trends in the market and how HSBC could capitalise on them.

Emma explained how the work culture in HSBC is unique, as they place a big emphasis on work-life balance. With work-from-home ingrained into HSBC’s culture, she only finds herself working in the office twice per week. However, Emma’s team is slightly different to the rest of the company. However, congruent with banking culture, her team tends to work late until around midnight during a couple of days of the week. Emma believes that starting her career in a job like this will continue to teach her to be resilient and more productive with her time. Although the work culture is quite tough, Emma emphasises that the team’s culture is great and that she loves the overall environment of HSBC. 

Advice to Students 

Emma reinforced that being involved in societies such as the Trinity SMF gave her so much confidence in public speaking, teaching her the jargon of the financial world that she still uses to this day. She would highly recommend getting involved as much as possible, believing that extracurriculars are greatly important and shows the employer or interviewer that you get on with people, a big thing that they look for. These hobbies and interests make you stand out in comparison to everyone else. As a final piece of advice, Emma emphasised to “stress a bit less, college is great! Enjoy every bit of it, you’ll never get the time back so make the most of it”.

DeepSeek vs. ChatGPT: Reshaping NVIDIA, the US-China Tech Rivalry, and the Global AI Landscape

Connor Leonard, Rachel Ranjith & Zara Pribicevic

Artificial intelligence has evolved into more than a mere scientific advancement; it has transformed into a competitive arena for efficiency and worldwide dominance. Central to this evolution is ChatGPT, previously the preeminent leader in conversational AI, now confronted by a significant rival: DeepSeek. With its efficiency-driven approach and open-source architecture, DeepSeek heralds a shift in AI development, raising questions about the balance between adaptability and specialisation.

However, the ramifications extend beyond artificial intelligence models. NVIDIA, the leader in AI chip manufacturing, has experienced a challenge to its supremacy as DeepSeek demonstrates the availability of alternatives. Meanwhile, as the U.S.-China AI rivalry increases, innovation has turned into a geopolitical hotspot. With dynamic changes in the AI realm, how does DeepSeek contest ChatGPT, and what influence are felt by NVIDIA? How is the overarching AI weapons race changing global power dynamics?

The ChatGPT Phenomenon

A true marvel of modern invention, ChatGPT, the golden child of OpenAI’s GPT architecture, has become the standard for conversational AI. Alongside its ability to generate human-like text, answer complex questions and assist with tasks, ChatGPT’s ability to provide personal and professional responses have exponentially multiplied its user base, ranging from students to suburban moms to 9-5 workers. We can trace the success of this model back to its scale; trained on vast amounts of data, it uses a generalist approach to handle a wide array of tasks. Like any true everyday hero, it can write your college essay, debug your code or help you draft a breakup text.

However, the unfortunate downfall of this ‘everything-tool’ lies in its defining generalist approach. While ChatGPT excels at breadth, it, more often than not, struggles with depth, especially in specialised domains. Its reliance on pre-2021 data for GPT-3 also limits usability. These limitations, along with increasingly high subscription prices, highlight a growing tension in AI development. Will ChatGPT manage to stay relevant while the pendulum of user demand swings back and forth between versatility and expertise?

DeepSeek: A New Challenger

Cheaper and better products from China never come as a surprise, and yet, the advent of DeepSeek seemed to shock U.S. AI oligarchs. Capable of ChatGPT-esque speech (since they share the same foundational technology) while also offering a broader spectrum of knowledge, DeepSeek distinguishes itself through a more focused approach. DeepSeek is designed to prioritise efficiency and precision, often excelling in cases where ChatGPT’s generalism might fall short. However, once again, the strengths of this model are also its downfall, as DeepSeek’s narrower focus comes with trade-offs. By optimising specific tasks, it may lack the versatility that has made ChatGPT so popular. 

DeepSeek’s emergence suggests a growing recognition that one-size-fits-all solutions may not be sufficient as AI applications become more diverse and complex. However, this shift toward specialisation also risks creating a fragmented AI ecosystem, where users must navigate multiple tools for different tasks, rather than relying on a single, unified platform. The challenge for DeepSeek, then, is to prove that its targeted approach can deliver enough value to justify the added complexity.

Differences, Implications and Competitive Advantages

A key asset of DeepSeek’s groundbreaking reveal was its computational efficiency. While ChatGPT and other US AI oligarchs invest billions in AI chips for model training, DeepSeek achieves almost superior performance using only a quarter of the AI chips required for ChatGPT. This efficiency causes a ripple effect in multiple spheres. It significantly reduces cost of operations. For an increasingly climate conscious consumer, this efficiency results in a lower resource footprint that could serve as a major competitive advantage. Additionally, the reduced requirement for expensive state-of-the-art AI chips significantly lowers the barrier to entry, making it easier for smaller businesses to access the necessary hardware for deploying advanced AI models.

Another key differentiator is DeepSeek’s open-source nature. This is contrasted by OpenAI’s proprietary model which, ironically enough, started off open-source (lending to the brand name, OpenAI). DeepSeek’s openness of a superior model strips some competitive advantage from ChatGPT, as it enables broader access to creating models of similar intelligence. It must be stated, however, that an open-source model is not without fault. Without centralised oversight, there may be significant challenges in maintaining consistency, preventing misuse, quality control, security, and ensuring ethical standards.

The implications of DeepSeek are understandably widespread and have both erased and created competitive advantages on both sides of the competition. The impact can also be seen in industries adjacent to AI, such as NVIDIA, the lead supplier of coveted AI chips.

NVIDIA: An Overview

NVIDIA has been one of the most remarkable success stories in the stock market over the past few years. The company, originally known for manufacturing high-performance graphics processing units (GPUs) for gaming, has transformed itself into an artificial intelligence (AI) powerhouse. This pivot has driven NVIDIA’s stock price to unprecedented levels, with its market capitalisation surpassing $1 trillion in 2023, making it one of the most valuable tech companies in the world.

A key driver behind this explosive growth has been the surge in demand for AI-related computing power. NVIDIA’s cutting-edge chips, particularly its H100 and A100 GPUs, are essential for training and deploying large AI models. This dominance in AI infrastructure has led to exponential revenue growth, allowing NVIDIA to post record-breaking earnings and maintain its stronghold in the semiconductor industry.

AI has become inseparable from advanced semiconductor technology. Training large-scale AI models, such as OpenAI’s GPT-4 and Google’s Gemini, requires vast computational resources. NVIDIA’s GPUs, with their parallel processing capabilities, are the gold standard for AI workloads, significantly outperforming traditional central processing units (CPUs).

The reliance on NVIDIA’s technology for AI development has made the company indispensable to major tech firms. However, the company is also reliant on AI firms continuing to use their chips. An analyst from UBS estimated that Microsoft, Meta, Amazon, and Alphabet collectively make up 40% of NVIDIA revenue. 

NVIDIA’s Stock Crash: The Facts

Recently, NVIDIA’s stock experienced a sharp decline amid concerns over the emergence of DeepSeek, a new AI player backed by Chinese tech firms. DeepSeek was able to develop a GPT with a combination of NVIDIA chips and cheaper alternatives. The use of cheaper alternatives was previously thought to be impossible in the short term, thus the demand for NVIDIA chips is uncertain in the future.

The stock dropped 17% to $188.42 in one day, erasing nearly $600 billion of value – the largest one day drop in U.S. history. It briefly recovered up to $128.99 over the next few days, but recently it seems to have found an equilibrium.

The future value of the company is still uncertain. The quality of copycat AIs is uncertain, as well as what effect, if any, they will have on NVIDIA’s biggest buyers. Microsoft, Meta, and Alphabet have already built their software around NVIDIA chips which makes a decoupling seem unlikely. However, there are also broader geopolitical aspects to this issue.

DeepSeek, AI, and the Great Geopolitical Chessboard

Let us rewind to how AI rose to power to become a tool in political debate. The first AI Safety Summit was organised by then-UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, and the outcome was stellar. The Bletchley Declaration was this summit’s achievement – 28 countries, including the United States and China, signed the agreement, promising international co-operation in order to manage the challenges and risks that AI posed. 

The tables have now turned, and at the most recent AI Summit in Paris a new declaration was put forward: “A pledge for Trustworthy AI in the World of Work”, reiterating the importance of transparency and promoting AI accessibility in order to avoid a digital divide. 60 countries signed the declaration, including China, however the UK, who was once an advocate for AI safety, followed suit with their special partner the US, who also refrained from signing the agreement. Vice President JD Vance emphasised that he had concerns over “authoritarian censorship”. The Paris AI summit has shown a change in the dynamics, with an emphasis on geopolitical rivalry and the never ending pursuit of economic and technological advantage.

The United States: Not Amused

Let’s talk about efficiency. This January, while President Trump made Elon Musk’s schedule busier than ever with the introduction of the Department of Government Efficiency, a Chinese firm used creative methods to increase artificial intelligence efficiency –  DeepSeek. Across the pond in Washington, DeepSeek’s success has raised some serious eyebrows. The US has been cranking up the pressure on China’s AI ambitions, raising tariffs and slamming the door on high-tech chips, warning allies against playing too nice with Beijing. 

Trusted advisor J.P. Morgan and their Chairman of Market and Investment Strategy Michael Cembalest noted at a talk on the Global Market Outlook that although Deep Seek is a compelling story, it may be too good to be true. Cembalest emphasised that it was difficult to tell what really happened with DeepSeek, as Chinese statistics are not to be trusted. He compared them with his middle school child’s report, insinuating that we do not have the full picture of DeepSeek’s success story. We have to wonder though, is the US trying to play it down, and are they possibly too nonchalant for their own good?  

China: Playing the Long Game

For Beijing, DeepSeek’s rise to fame isn’t just a win – it’s a strategic flex. Following years of U.S. sanctions blocking access to high-end microchips, China found itself at a crossroads: play nice and roll over or get creative. It chose the latter, giving the country a tech boost. The long game for China begins with DeepSeek, but The People’s Republic is aiming high for full scale AI-driven industrial innovation, aligning with the new policy “Made in China 2025”, emphasising China can not only scale and commercialise emerging technologies, but also innovate and be at the forefront of the field. Beijing isn’t necessarily aiming for the crown in the AI chatbot arena, but to employ the underlying technology to create cost-effective, commercially feasible solutions, which it can subsequently export to lower-income nations. China’s objective is not exclusively “frontier AI”, but rather “mass-market AI”.

Europe: Stuck in the Middle

Meanwhile, Europe is still trying to decide what to do with its seat at the table. On one hand, leaders like former UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak organised the first ever AI Safety Summit in November 2023. French President Emmanuel Macron is advocating for AI advancements leveraging the region’s nuclear energy edge, and the most recent “AI Investment Plan” pledging around €200bn towards accelerating AI development. Conversely, Europe seeks to avoid entanglement in the conflict between two technological superpowers. The European Union, hindered by internal discord and slow innovation processes, risks becoming a mere observer, rather than a player, in the race for AI, which is now a key economic driver. 

Microchips: The Tiny Giants Shaping Global Power

At the core of this AI turmoil lies the true arbiter: microchips. The United States has adopted a stringent approach by prohibiting the shipment of advanced semiconductors to China, aiming to impede Beijing’s progress in artificial intelligence. However, China is not lamenting; it is ingeniously managing its resources to maximise the performance of the chips it can still utilise. When the United States intensified its restrictions, China retaliated by restricting the export of gallium and germanium, essential ingredients for semiconductor manufacturing. What is the outcome? A semiconductor rivalry in which both parties are striving to surpass one another.

The Bigger Picture: A Tech Cold War in the Making?

DeepSeek’s emergence is but a fragment of a larger geopolitical conundrum. The AI arms race transcends the mere development of superior models; it encompasses the control of future technologies, economic dominance, and global impact. The United States and China are in conflict, Europe is striving to maintain its significance, and the global community is preparing for the enduring ramifications of a fragmented AI ecosystem. Will this be the dawn of a new digital Iron Curtain? Will innovation discover a method to dismantle obstacles? AI is not only transforming sectors; it is also redefining global power dynamics.

Most of these developments point to a future where AI is both an economic driver and a geopolitical chess piece. In many ways, this entire situation is a microcosm of a broader global transition. ChatGPT’s success and subsequent dethroning proves the need for the precarious balance between being an all-encompassing model and trying to be everything to everyone. DeepSeek’s efficiency-led approach and open-source philosophy promises new paths forward but also exposes fresh challenges. NVIDIA’s stock woes highlight how dependent entire industries are on AI’s progress — yet also how quickly that progress can redefine winners and losers. Nations grapple for control over microchips, data, and AI capabilities, while global alliances and trade deals strain under the weight of competing ambitions. As technology becomes a barometer of power, the potential for fragmentation — specialised models, trade restrictions, or strategic self-reliance — grows. What is certain is that AI is actively reshaping the balance of power — politically, economically, and technologically — well beyond chatbots and chip manufacturers.

Coffee Chat with Laura Lynagh, Strategy & Transactions Analyst at EY-Parthenon

Rhea Singhal

As part of the Graduate Coffee Chats series in collaboration with Foresight Business Group, TBR Correspondent and Foresight Chief Strategic and Financial Officer Rhea Singhal sat down with Laura Lynagh, a Strategy & Transactions Analyst at EY-Parthenon and former TBR Freshers Convenor, to get insight into life as a graduate at EY-Parthenon.

What Does a Strategy & Transactions Analyst Actually Do?

EY-Parthenon, the global strategy consulting arm of Ernst & Young (EY), has over 9,000 professionals worldwide. EY Parthenon is split into three key teams: Transaction Strategy & Execution, Strategy and Turnaround & Restructuring. Laura’s role focuses on post-merger integration and separation. “After a transaction, my job is to figure out how to integrate two companies in terms of operations, finance, legal, and HR.” She also takes part in due diligence, including HR and operational due diligence, and works with distressed mergers and acquisitions. She describes her role as “very broad, dynamic, and interesting,” emphasizing that no two days are ever the same.

“I find the area of M&A really interesting—it’s so dynamic, it moves so quickly, and it’s quite broad. You’re not pigeonholed into one thing. And you get to do your accounting exams in the graduate programme, so it felt like a natural fit.”

The EY-Parthenon Graduate Programme 

EY’s graduate programme is designed to be social and supportive. “You start with lots of people your own age, so it’s really sociable,” Laura shares. She also praises EY’s learning and development team: “They really support you. For example, if you’re doing exams, they put on revision lectures.”

The Strategy & Transactions (SAT) team is also a great place for graduates because roles aren’t set in stone. “If you want to take on work, they’ll let you. They really let you grow and contribute to the team.” The firm is also flexible about team changes, though, she says, “You often end up in a team that suits you since they try to match you well after interviews.”

The Interview Process

Laura had a positive interview experience at EY-Parthenon. “I applied to the EY Strategy & Transactions graduate programme general application and then selected EY Parthenon.” On the day, current graduates were there to greet her, making for a friendly and welcoming environment.

She interviewed with a Director and a Manager. “It was very conversational. I really liked that they made an effort to read my application, CV, and all my answers beforehand.” Because of this, she emphasizes the importance of knowing your application inside and out: “They’ll ask you to expand on things you wrote. So, don’t just write things down—make sure you can talk about them.”

Laura shared some key interview tips:

  1. Do some research!: When you are going through the interview process, research the company, the department and the role itself. If your role involves taking the accountancy exams, research them, explain why you have the “right skill set” for the exams.
  2. Be comfortable talking about yourself: As said by Laura, “They don’t expect you to have five years of work experience.” Be ready to talk about any college societies or clubs you have been involved in and any experience you may have gained while in college. 
  3. Practice: Laura emphasised practising interview questions and developing the “skill of thinking on your feet”. Additionally, Laura said the interview questions are not very technical and are more competency based such as ‘‘Tell me about a moment when…?’”

Advice for Students

Should you start broad or specialise early?

“It depends. It’s a combination of your interest area and the company. Even if it’s a narrow interest area, joining a large company should give you insight into a wider range of projects. You should conduct an in-depth assessment of yourself.”

How do you figure out what works best for you?

“First, research the company. Talk to people. Reach out to people. Open days can really help as well.” She also suggests looking beyond job descriptions: “Find out what they actually do day to day. For example, Audit can be really cyclical—maybe you’re the type of person who really likes a routine.”

Something Laura Wishes She Knew When She Was In College:

“I was a little bit concerned with how it was all going to work out—was I going to like the day-to-day? Would I like my colleagues? I wish I knew how supportive and understanding everyone is. I didn’t need to worry so much!”

She also realized that college exams aren’t the end goal. “The accounting exams are a whole different ball game, and it’s really important to research what works for you.”Laura’s biggest takeaway? “Be prepared, be yourself, and don’t be afraid to reach out to people for insights!”

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